Informatics Publishing Limited

P. Velmurugan ¹, P. Ramesh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, Chidambaram, TN, IN

Abstract

Solar energy is an economical alternative to the today's energy demand. Solar air heater is used for heating the air economically but produces low thermal efficiency. In this study, an attempt has been made to increase the thermal efficiency of solar air heater by using a wire mesh to enhance the heat transfer, thereby increasing the efficiency. The matrix solar air heater with a wire mesh produces higher thermal efficiency over the conventional flat plate solar air heater.

Keywords

Solar Energy, Air Heater, Wire Mesh, Thermal Efficiency, Performance Analysis

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M. Vijaya Sekhar Reddy ¹, I.V. Ramana Reddy ², K. Madan Mohan Reddy ¹, N. Krishna Murthy ³, P. Ramesh ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Srikalahasteeswara Institute of Technology, Srikalahasti, AP, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Venkateswara University College of Engineering, Tirupati, AP, IN
3 Engineering Department, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, IN
4 Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Rangampeta, Tirupati, AP, IN

Abstract

Portland cement has been a very satisfactory hydraulic binder for structural applications for a long time now. However there are many new issues stemming from its ever increasing use. Sustainable development today demands development of new concrete technologies, which use less natural resources and energy, and generate less CO2, without compromising on strength and durability properties. Supplementary Cementing Materials (SCMs) such as Flyash, Blast Furnace Slag, Silica Fume and Metakaoline etc., either in singly or in combination, in development of alternate binder systems is thus of economic and ecological significance. In the recent years, use of High Performance Concrete (HPC) in the construction industry as got momentum. For designing HPC, both SCMs and Superplasticizers are essential for the improvement of Workability and Mechanical Properties. The paper presents experimental studies conducted on two grades of HPC mixes of M50 and M60 using mineral and chemical admixtures in various proportions. Overall, the paper highlights the usage of admixtures to achieve high strength concrete mixes and from the experimental investigation it is clear that mineral admixtures contribute effectively a lot not only for achieving durability, also high strength.

Keywords

Supplementary Cementing Materials (SCMs), High Performance Concrete (HPC), Flyash, Blast Furnace Slag, Silica Fume, Metakaoline.

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D. S. N. Raju ¹, B. C. Jaiprakash ¹, C. N. Ravindran ², R. Kalyansunder ², P. Ramesh ²

Affiliations
1 Palaeontology Lab., KDMIPE, ONGC, Dehra Dun-248195, IN
2 Regional Geology Lab., ONGC. No.3, First Lane, Nungambakkam High Road Madras 600034, IN

Abstract

A Major hiatus of varying time span ofiess than 1 Ma to greater than 30Ma encompasses the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary (KTB) in several parts of the Cauvery, Krishna-Godavari (KG) and other pericratonic basins of India. The succession in the north and northeastern parts of Cauvery basin is apparently continuous, whereas in other areas of this basin, either the sediments of Late Maastrichtian or Middle-Late Maastrichtian or even Middle Campanian-Maastrichtian are unrepresented due to erosion/nondeposition. A north-northeasterly tilt within the Cauvery basin with some tectonic blocks subsiding is inferred during Late Maastrichtian. An additional event of global significance that occured across orvery close to the KTB in KG basin is volcanism within alimited duration of 3.8 to 5.5 Ma equivalent to Deccan volcanism. The succeeding transgression in Paleocene-Early Eocene was in pulses at levels ranging from Zone PI-P7. This hiatus appears to be linked with the rise of a giant hot mantle plume just prior to the eruption of Deccan volcanism during Abathompalus mayaroensis Zone of Latest Maastrichtian around 66.5Ma to 67.5Ma.

Keywords

Stratigraphy, K/T Boundary, Cauvery Basin, Krishna-Godavari Basin.

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Ravi Mishra ¹, D. K. Pandey ¹, P. Ramesh ¹, Ravi Mishra ², Ajeet Kumar ², Prerna Ramesh ², Kishor K. Gaonkar ², A. Pratap ²

Affiliations
1 National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, (Ministry of Earth Science, GoI), Headland Sada, Vasco-Da-Gama, Goa 403 804, IN
2 National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, Goa, IN

Abstract

Multibeam swath bathymetry survey was carried out in the middle Indus fan region in the eastern Arabian Sea. Using high-resolution bathymetry data, major morphological features such as the Raman seamount and the Laxmi ridge have been mapped. This study also reveals the presence of sinuous channel systems, continuing towards the distal fan. Though there are several reports on the presence of channels in different regions of the Indus fan, we report here the presence of active channels to the east of the Laxmi ridge. The total length of all channels along the channel axis is about 915 km. The individual spreads of the channels vary from 189.8 to 1980.5 m. Most of the channels are shallow with the average depth measuring about 60 m. The longest channel is about 256.3 km long, 702 m wide and about 57 m deep. The channels observed are similar to the land-based fluvial channels. The channels identified are highly sinuous in nature, their meanders and cut-off meanders are similar to the characteristics of fluvial channels. In general, average channel course in the study area is more than twice the straight course.

Keywords

Active Channel Systems, Bathymetry Survey, Morphological Features, Submarine Fan.

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P. Ramesh ¹, M. Sailaja ², S. Koteswararao ¹

Affiliations
1 ECE Department, Regency Institute of Technology, Yanam, IN
2 ECE Department, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, IN

Abstract

A novel approach for prolonging the lifetime of a wireless sensor network using clustering routing protocol while maintaining desired quality of service attributes related to sensed data delivery is presented. This paper proposes a Multi-hop Cluster based Routing Protocol for long range transmission in wireless sensor network. The protocol consists of two parts, one is with respect to cluster management in sensor area and the other is about the data transmission between base station and the sensor area. The new clustering and routing algorithm's scale well and converge fast for large scale dynamic sensors as shown by our extensive results using the Network Simulator (NS2). It is a flexible tool for network engineers to vestigate how various protocols perform with different Configurations and topologies. Simulation results shows that the proposed protocol offers a better performance than single-hop clustering routing protocols in terms of network lifetime and energy consumption when the base station is located far away from the sensing area.

Keywords

Wireless Sensor Networks, Gateway Node, Energy Efficient, Cluster Head, Multi-Hop Clustering.

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S. Koteswara Rao ¹, M. Sailaja ², T. Madhu ³, P. Ramesh ¹

Affiliations
1 ECE Department in Regency Institute of Technology, Yanam, IN
2 ECE Department in JNTUK, Kakinada, IN
3 SIET, Narsapur, IN

Abstract

A new approach for energy efficient sensor networks that maximizes the life of the sensor networks which maintaining desired quality of service attributes related to sensed data delivery is presented. The IEEE802.15.4 as a standard for low rate wireless personal area network (LR-WPAN) is an applicative choice for wireless sensor networks. Due to the advantages of this standard and its capabilities for more specification to wireless sensor networks, we were persuaded to resolve some of its proven weaknesses in such environments. The slotted CSMA/CA method utilized in beaconsenabled mode of 802.15.4 causes an unacceptable level of energy consumption in conditions like high loads. To overcome these issues, we adopted method the capability and flexibility provided by CSMA/CA makes it work at low contention and TDMA makes it work at high loads by taking advantage of a greedy algorithm for TDMA slot allocation. Using these techniques we obtained improved results such as reduced energy consumption, improved throughput and decreased end to end delay. The new ATDMA and routing algorithm's scale well and converge fast for large scale dynamic sensors as shown by our extensive results using the Network Simulator (NS2).

Keywords

CSMA/CA, IEEE802.15.4, Energy, LR-WPAN, TDMA, Wireless Sensor Networks.

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P. Ramesh ¹, M. Damodara Reddy ², W. V. Jahnavi ³

Affiliations
1 Department of EEE, SVU College of Engineering, S V University, Tirupati, A.P, IN
2 Department of EEE, S V U College of Engineering, S V University, Tirupati, A.P, IN
3 Department of EEE, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, A.P, IN

Abstract

The Distributed Power Flow Controller (DPFC) is derived from the Unified power-flow controller (UPFC). The DPFC is a solution to control the power flow in a single transmission line. By eliminating the common DC link and distributing the three phase series converters of the UPFC, a new concept of the Distributed Power Flow Controller (DPFC) is achieved. The active power exchange between the two converters, which is through the common dc link in the UPFC, is now through the transmission lines at the third-harmonic frequency in the DPFC. It inherits the advantages of the UPFC and the DFACTS concept, which allow power flow control for multi-line systems with relatively low cost and high reliability without additional cost. This paper presents two types of DPFCs;one is one three phase shunt converter and four three phase series converters. Another model is one three phase shunt converter and nine single phase series converters. By using three phase series converters, no common dc link between shunt and series converters but cost will increases. By using single phase series converters, no common dc link between shunt and series converters and cost also decreases. Detailed simulations are carried out on two- machine systems to illustrate the control features of these devices and their influence to increase power transfer capability and every series converter consists of D-FACTS concept so Reliability also improves because failure of series converters does not effect.

Keywords

FACTS, DPFC, Device Modeling, Power Transmission, AC-DC Power Conversion, Power Semiconductor Devices, Power System Control, Power Transmission Control.

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P. Ramesh ¹, M. Damodara Reddy ², W. V. Jahnavi ³

Affiliations
1 Department of EEE, S V U College of Engineering, S V University, Tirupati, A.P., IN
2 Department of EEE, SVU College of Engineering, SV University, Tirupati, A.P., IN
3 Department of EEE, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, A.P., IN

Abstract

The present paper describes the Distributed Power Flow Controllers (DPFC) for improving the Power Transfer Capability and System Reliability equipped with FACTS devices. Detailed simulations are carried out on two-machine systems to illustrate the control features of these devices and their influence to increase power transfer capability and improve system Reliability. The DPFC is derived from the unified power-flow controller (UPFC) and DPFC has the same control capability as the UPFC. The DPFC can be considered as a UPFC with an eliminated common dc link. The active power exchange between the shunt and series converters, which is through the common dc link in the UPFC, in DPFC through the transmission lines at the third-harmonic frequency. The interaction between the DPFC, the network and the machines are analyzed.

Keywords

FACTS, DPFC, Device Modeling, Power Transmission AC-DC Power Conversion, Power Semiconductor Devices, Power System Control, Power-Transmission Control.

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P. Ramesh ¹

Affiliations
1 Centre for Operations Research and Training, Vadodara - 390 007, Gujarat, IN

Abstract

In spite of low fertility levels and higher contraceptive use in the state of Andhra Pradesh, differentials are still discernible between the caste groups. This paper examines whether the caste differentials in fertility and contraceptive use exist at each stage of socio-economic status, and whether these are of the same order and direction, using the Second National Family Health Survey data. Analyses of interaction effects of caste and other socioeconomic factors on fertility and contraceptive use show that the caste is not constant across the levels of socio-economic factors. Although the caste differentials are notable in rural areas, they are much narrower at the lower levels of socio-economic status. With the improvement of socio-economic status, not only will fertility decline with a corresponding increase in the use of contraception, but also the differences in fertility and contraceptive use between caste groups will disappear.

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R. Gokulakrishnan ¹, P. Ramesh ¹, N. C. Lenin ²

Affiliations
1 Power Electronics and Drives, VIT University - Chennai Campus, Chennai - 600127, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 School of Electrical Engineering, VIT University - Chennai Campus, Chennai - 600127, Tamil Nadu

Abstract

Background/Objectives: This paper deals with the design and implementation of Shunt Field Converter for Synchronous Motor. Methods/Statistical Analysis: This converter topology is developed to improve the performance of the motor and to reduce the total power loss. Findings: The RCD snubber is used to suppress the high voltage spike which occurs on the collector of the IGBT during turn ON and turn OFF period of the switch. Applications: The designed converter can be used for all types of reluctance motor.

Keywords

Full Pitch Winding, Flux Reversal, Synchronous Motor, Shunt Field Converter.

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S. Arjun ¹, P. Ramesh ¹, N. Sathyanarayanan ², R. Elavarasan ², R. Hemantha Kumar ², N. C. Lenin ²

Affiliations
1 Power Electronics and Drives, VIT University - Chennai Campus, Chennai - 600127, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 School of Electrical Engineering, VIT University - Chennai Campus, Chennai - 600127, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objectives: This article is aimed at providing a detailed design of a 250 W AC series motor. Analytical design of the motor is performed to determine the armature winding design, commutator diameter, magnetic circuit analysis. The motor is simulated to estimate its performance. Methods/Statistical Analysis: To estimate the performance of the motor, the motor is simulated and finite element analysis is implemented to determine the flux density, electromagnetic torque under different operating speeds. The results of magnetic circuit design and commutator design are used in the finite element method to simulate the motor accurate to practical conditions. Form the obtained results the losses are determined. Findings: The results obtained include the flux density plot and the electromagnetic torque for different speeds. From the obtained results the performance of the motor is evaluated and the losses are tabulated. Applications/Improvements: The motor is designed to run a washing machine. Other general applications of the motor are mixers, drilling machines, vacuum cleaners, water sprinklers.

Keywords

AC Series Motor, Commentator, Finite Element Analysis, Magnetic Circuit, Silicon Steel.

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R. Gokulakrishnan ¹, P. Ramesh ¹, N. C. Lenin ²

Affiliations
1 Power Electronics and Drives, VIT University - Chennai Campus, Chennai - 600127, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 School of Electrical Engineering, VIT University - Chennai Campus, Chennai - 600127, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: This paper deals with the design and implementation of Series Field Converter (SFC) for Doubly Salient Reluctance Motor (DSRM). Methods/Statistical Analysis: SFC is developed to reduce the total power loss by reducing the components. By including Resistive-Capacitive-Diode (RCD) snubber the losses are decreased and regenerative operation is provided. Findings: The RCD snubber is used to suppress the high voltage spike which occurs on the collector of the IGBT during turn ON and turn OFF period of the switch. Applications: The designed converter can be used for all types of reluctance motor.

Keywords

Bifilar Winding, Doubly Salient Reluctance Motor, RCD Snubber, Series Field Converter.

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P. Ramesh ¹, Santha Govind ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Extension Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Extension, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar (Tamil Nadu), IN

Abstract

Sugarcane is one of the important commercial crops in India and it plays a vital role in the socio-economic transformation of the country. To increase the sugarcane production and productivity, there is an urgent need to transfer the recommended technologies to the sugarcane farmers. Extension agencies of both cooperative and private sugar factories were effectively involved in the transfer of improved sugarcane technologies to the farmers. Perception of farmers towards attributes of sugarcane technologies are considered as the vital factors influencing effective transfer of technologies. Keeping this in view, a study was conducted in Cuddalore district of coastal Tamil Nadu. To measure the attributes of sugarcane technologies, five major attributes viz., relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, observability and trialability have been included in this study. The findings on the overall attributes of technologies revealed that majority of the respondents of quasi-government extension service expressed the attributes as less favourable for adoption of sugarcane technologies, whereas majority of the farmers of private extension service expressed the attributes as more favouarble for adoption of sugarcane technologies.

Keywords

Attributes, Sugarcane Technologies, Extension Service.

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M. Sathyavathy ¹, P. Ramesh ¹, K. Chitirakala ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mathematics, M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering (Autonomous), Karur - 639113, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objectives: To study the unsteady hydro magnetic naturally convicting flow with heat and mass flux in the presence of chemical reaction, fluid past an infinite vertical porous plate with varying temperature and concentration. Statistical Analysis: An analysis is carried out to study the heat transfer in unsteady two dimensional Mass transfer flow of a magneto hydrodynamic over a porous medium. The flow is subjective in the action of uniform transverse magnetic field. With the help of dimensionless variable, the governing flow equation are reduced to a system of nonlinear Partial Differential Equation. This system has been solved analytically using Perturbation Approximation. Findings: The influence of the temperature distribution, concentration distribution, Skin friction coefficient, BrandtNumber, Magnetic Parameter, chemical Reaction Parameter, Gash of number, Modified Gash of Number, Schmidt Number, Heat source Parameter, Radiation Parameter are discussed in Graph. In this paper, suppression of velocity on magnetic Parameter and chemical reaction are discussed. The Gash of Number and Modified Gash of Number increase the velocity, whereas in the literature survey, the analytical or numerical solution obtained by assuming that the temperature at the interface was continuous and well defined. The highlights of the results are helpful to variety the ramped temperature and ramped concentration on the wall of the infinite vertical porous plate. Applications: The combined heat and mass transfer problem along with chemical reaction play a prominent role in chemical and hydrometallurgical industries. It is used by different scientific disciplines for different processes and mechanisms. In many practical situations, mass transfer is accomplished in order to bring chemical reagents together so that a reaction can take place. Thus for example reaction can be used to provide more rapid solution of a gas in to a liquid than physical solution.

Keywords

Hydro Magnetic, Heat Transfer, Mass Transfer, Chemical Reaction, Porous Medium

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P. Ramesh ¹, P. Krishnan ²

Affiliations
1 Division of Human Resource Management at ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management (NAARM), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, IN
2 Division of Research Systems Management at ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management (NAARM), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, IN

Abstract

Education is the backbone for the growth and development of a nation. As India is an agrariandominated economy, agricultural education plays an important role in providing human resources for improving agricultural productivity and natural resource management in a sustainable manner. The competence and performance of teachers are the key factors determining the quality of any educational programme. The current higher education sector in general and that of the agricultural sector in particular, is facing many critical challenges, including the quality of teaching. Identification of the key competences and characteristics of an effective teacher is essential for the selection, recruitment and in-service training of teachers. This article reviews the studies on teaching competences, covering the various dimensions, with special reference to agricultural education. The study calls for developing an appropriate competence framework to deliberate on the effectiveness of teachers, adjudge and prioritize areas for professional growth and development, and aid in planning their personal and career development. Strategies to enhance the competence of teachers so as to improve the quality of teaching in agricultural universities are also discussed.

Keywords

Agricultural Education, Professional Competence, Teacher Training, Human Resources.

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Shri Krishna Tripathi ¹, Avinash Kumar ¹, R. Priya ¹, P. Ramesh ¹, Hemant Kumar ¹, G. Ramesh ¹

Affiliations
1 Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam – 603 102, IN

Abstract

The Purex process is opted for reprocessing of spent fuel from fast breeder reactors. The process employs nitric acid with concentrations up to 11M. Nitric Acid Grade (NAG) SS304L is opted as material of construction for equipments, process tanks and piping of such process plants so as to minimise the corrosion losses due to nitric acid. Practice C test as per ASTM A262-15(2021) (Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergrannular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels), with maximum average corrosion rate of 15 mils/year (mpy) for five cycles of 48 hrs, and 18 mpy in any cycle, is one of the criteria for qualification of material among others. A similar acceptance criterion is adopted for qualification of undiluted weld metal deposit of filler material and welding procedure specification (WPS) used therein. However, conventional tests may not always accurately represent the corrosion behaviour of surfaces at all locations. One of such are the surfaces which abut each other, and hence are not approachable for visual examination and thereafter cleaning, such as unwelded open abutted surfaces of fillet weld joint (root), partial penetration (pp) weld joints facing process fluids in abutted portions not in a welded portion of joint. Multiple factors like remains of heat tints, adjacent inter-spaces and type of surface finish may collectively contribute to corrosion rates exceeding acceptable limits. This study delves into the often-neglected corrosion behaviour of these challenging regions. The samples with abutting surfaces are prepared by using EDM cutting and and Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and subjected to corrosion test. The samples made by using base material, filler and WPS that already qualified for corrosion test for groove weld joints and hence fillet weld joints as per ASME BPVC sec IX (2021). Higher corrosion rates are being observed in these weld joints than standard test specimens during study.

Keywords

Abutting Surfaces, Heat Tint, Gas Tungsten Arc Welding, Huey Test.

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